Carlito's commitment to the unions do not reduce the protection of workers, the government does not know how to labor reform, without disturbing the CCOO and UGT, CEOE guarantees greater flexibility in managing templates and reducing costs. EXPANSION
discusses how to approach this problem in other European Union countries, and why they have an unemployment rate much lower than the English, nearly 20% of the population.
The "little miracle"
German German institutes forecast that employment is once again at the 2008 record with 27, 5 million employed, and that the unemployment rate will decrease gradually between now and the close to 7.5% and 7.4%, respectively, from 8.5% today. Experts speak of the little German miracle: the largest economy in the euro fell last year in the worst recession in its history (GDP fell -5%), but growth forecasts for this and next year, estimated by an advance of between 1.5% and 1.4% in 2010 and 2011, respectively (1.4% and 1.6% according to the Government).
The labor market has proved remarkably robust during the crisis, experts praise. The volume of hours worked fell substantially (by 2.8% on annual average), but could not prevent massive loss of jobs through the individual reduction of working time. That is, thanks to kuzarbeit, poorly translated in Spain and German contract, because in reality is much closer to a record of classic redundancy, only it is much more flexible and used for training or recycling workers.
A small part of the reduction unemployment is also due to a statistical change, above all, the flexibility introduced in the reforms of recent years that have allowed companies to hire part-time (last year fell 360,000 full-time positions, but created 270,000 part-time).
Although very moderate wage growth, criticized by the French and German unions, because the consumption-retract the last decade have also contributed to job security, corporate structure has played an important role. According to the Conseil économique analyze d (equivalent to German scholars) which advises the government of Nicolas Sarkozy in Germany medium enterprises (which have between 500 and 5,000 employees, a volume rate in other large countries) "are very dynamic and create jobs," something which apparently does not occur across the Rhine
British Flexibility
'The British labor market flexibility is a vital source of competitiveness and gives companies a substantial incentive to invest in the UK ", said CBI sources, the management company of that country.
One of the keys to this flexibility is the low cost of dismissal for companies. A worker who loses his job takes on a maximum compensation equal to his salary for one week and a half year worked. The maximum salary used for this estimate amounts to 380 pounds. An employee of 40 years, which is fired after a decade in a company would charge a maximum compensation of 4,560 pounds (5,200 euros).
This low level of compensation facilitates the mobility of workers from company to company, either voluntarily or forced. The Government gives a set of minimum rules in the labor market, with a minimum wage of 5.8 pounds per hour and stating that employees should have more than 28 days of vacation per year.
labor force in Italy
The power of unions has made the indefinite contract is dominant. Only at the end of the nineties there were changes to labor market flexibility. There can be only individual dismissal for cause. The company that wants to lay off for economic reasons (business crisis, introduction of new technologies, etc.) to more than five employees within 120 days, must negotiate with unions.
If a person has become unemployed can apply for unemployment protection, the cassa integrazione or mobility-, a form of subsidy that is 80% of salary to a maximum of 1,065 euros per month, and is paid by Social Security and can last up to a maximum of two years.
In no temporary contracts compensation. Under this situation are 15% of employees-two million workers, especially youth and women.
France and permanent reform
French President Nicolas Sarkozy, wants to submit to a permanent reform to the labor market, despite the risk of social conflict. Little by little, has eroded the thrust of working 35 hours per week, and announced that it will take further steps to respond to the crisis. His predecessor, Jacques Chirac, pushed through a controversial contract to young social provoked a strong response by having a very flexible dismissal. Expansion
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